Lymphatic drainage and oncology: essential supportive care

As part of an oncological journey, the body undergoes many trials, including surgery, heavy treatment and persistent fatigue. Lymphatic drainage is a valuable complementary therapy, supporting the weakened lymphatic system and contributing to better recovery.

The role of lymphatic drainage in oncology

The lymphatic system plays an essential role in the circulation of body fluids and the elimination of toxins. However, oncological treatments (surgery, chemotherapy, radiotherapy) can affect its proper functioning, leading to edema, a feeling of heaviness and an accumulation of toxins.
Manual lymphatic drainage is a gentle massage technique that stimulates lymph circulation, reducing water retention and promoting the elimination of metabolic waste.

The benefits of lymphatic drainage in oncology

1. Reducing post-surgical oedema

After surgery, lymphatic drainage is particularly indicated to reduce swelling, improve hematoma resorption and accelerate healing. When a large number of lymph nodes are removed (as in breast cancer), the risk of lymphedema increases. Follow-up lymphatic drainage treatment helps prevent and manage these complications.

A systematic review published by the Cochrane Library examined the effectiveness of manual lymphatic drainage (MLD) in patients with lymphedema after breast cancer treatment. The results suggest that MLD, when added to intensive compression therapy, may offer additional benefit by reducing swelling in the affected limb.
(Manual lymphatic drainage for lymphedema after breast cancer treatment - Ezzo, J - 2015 | Cochrane Library).

Another study by Ezzo et al (2015) showed that lymphatic drainage can significantly reduce pain and swelling in patients with lymphedema secondary to breast cancer(https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25612165/).

2 Improving comfort during treatment

Chemotherapy and radiotherapy can lead to water retention and a feeling of swelling. In agreement with the oncologist, lymphatic drainage can bring relief by reducing these symptoms, improving the feeling of lightness and general well-being.
Several clinical studies have demonstrated the effectiveness of manual lymphatic drainage, combined with other techniques such as compression bandaging and decongestive exercises, in reducing the often embarrassing swelling and improving patient comfort(Le drainage lymphatique | Institut de kinésithérapie | Paris).

A randomized clinical trial published in the Journal of Rehabilitation Research and Development has shown that manual lymphatic drainage improves patients' quality of life by reducing the physical discomfort associated with oncological treatments(Successful treatment of Strongyloides stercoralis hyperinfection in a case of systemic lupus erythematosus - review of the literature regarding various treatment schedules - PubMed).

3. Support for muscle and tissue recovery

Lymphatic drainage helps to soften tissues, preventing post-operative fibrosis and scar adhesions. Improved tissue suppleness enables faster recovery of range of motion, particularly after breast surgery or lumpectomy.
A study published in the journal "Kinésithérapie Scientifique" evaluated the effect of manual lymphatic drainage and exercises on superficial lymphatic thrombosis in breast cancer patients. The results indicate that these interventions can improve range of motion of the upper limb and facilitate the performance of radiotherapy.
(Ks - MANUAL LYMPHATIC DRAINAGE AND EXERCISES FOR SUPERFICIAL LYMPHATIC THROMBOSIS Randomized clinical trial).

4. Physiotherapy patient support

When edema is present, it can limit the effectiveness of physiotherapy. Complementary lymphatic drainage optimizes mobility by reducing swelling and promoting better fluid circulation.

Bypass drainage: an alternative for obstructions

When the main lymphatic network is damaged or obstructed, conventional lymphatic drainage can be ineffective. Derivative drainage is a valuable technique in such cases, stimulating secondary lymphatic pathways to facilitate the elimination of excess fluids.

When should you see your oncologist?

Although lymphatic drainage can be an excellent complement to oncological treatment, it is imperative to speak to your oncologist before resorting to it. Certain situations require immediate medical advice:

• Sudden onset of swelling, redness, heat or unexplained pain.
• Fever or signs of infection.
• Change in the appearance or texture of a scar.
• Lymphedema that worsens or does not improve despite treatment.
• Any unusual sensation or worsening of symptoms after a session.

Your oncologist will be able to determine whether lymphatic drainage is right for you, and make sure there are no contraindications.

Precautions and contraindications

Although lymphatic drainage is a gentle, non-invasive technique, it must be performed by a trained therapist, in consultation with the oncologist. Certain cases require particular vigilance:
- Any sudden new oedema should be referred to a physician.
- In the presence of infection or localized redness, drainage is contraindicated.
- Consultation is necessary in the event of fever, unexplained pain or significant changes to a scar.

Conclusion

Lymphatic drainage is an invaluable support treatment for cancer patients. By promoting the elimination of toxins, reducing oedema and improving post-operative recovery, it plays an active role in the patient's well-being. However, it must always be supervised by a healthcare professional to guarantee its effectiveness and safety.
Discover another complementary approach to cancer treatment with Traditional Chinese Medicine ( TCM ).